italian religion
"NAME ARGENTINA"
The name "Argentina" comes from the Latin "argentum" which means money. The origin of its name back voyages made by the first Spanish conquistadores (conquerors) to the Rio de la Plata (Silver River). The shipwrecked survivors of the expedition organized by Juan Diaz de Solis discovered the Indians in the region who presented them with silver objects. The news about the legendary Sierra del Plata, a mountain rich in money, arrived in Spain around 1524. From that date, the Portuguese named the river Solis, the Silver River. Two years later the Spanish used the same name. Since 1860 the official name was the Republica Argentina (Republic of Argentina).
LOCATION, extent and limits
Located in the southern part of South America and therefore in the southern hemisphere, Argentina has an area of nearly 3.8 million kilometers square kilometers, of which 2.8 are on the continent and the remainder in the Antarctic. Its length of 3800 km va latitude 22 degrees to 55 degrees. This is the border with Uruguay, Brazil, Paraguay, Bolivia and Chile has a radius of 9376 kilometers and the coastline on the Atlantic Ocean, is 5117 kilometers long.
A little geography
The fundamental characteristic of Argentina is the enormous contrast between the immense eastern plains and the imposing mountain range of the Andes to the west. This is the border Chile and the highest peak in the west, Aconcagua, 6 959 meters long.
In its passage from Jujuy to Tierra del Fuego this range wonderful contrasts, the plateaus of north-west region of lakes, forests and glaciers in the Patagonian Andes.
To the north, Chaco is a forest area follows the rivers Bermejo and Pilcomayo Sabado. Between the Parana and Uruguay, the Argentine Mesopotamia (provinces of Entre Rios, Corrientes and Misiones) is formed by low hills where the ponds and marshes show the ancient courses of these great rivers.
Occasionally there are fissures which provide such spectacular phenomena as the Iguazu Falls.
La Pampa, central Argentina, is the largest and best known area of plains. It has a large amount agriculture and livestock and includes the provinces of Buenos Aires, La Pampa, south of Santa Fe and east of Cordova. Its landscape is broken by the south small mountains of Tandil and La Ventana and west by the mountains of Cordoba.
Towards the south, the Andes to the sea, are sterile trays stony of Patagonia, swept by the wind during most of the year. The Atlantic coast, bordered by high cliffs, forms massive indentations like Valdes Peninsula, with its spectacular and unique colonies of marine animals.
POPULATION
The curent population of Argentina is estimated at some 36 million people, nearly half live in the federal capital and the province of Buenos Aires.
These figures give a density population of 12.9 inhabitants per square kilometer. 95% of Argentineans are white and principally descendants of Italians and Spaniards. With the European immigration massive, white and Indian half castes became slowly diluted until today these people represented only 4.5% of the population. The pure indigenous population, the Mapuche, Collas, Toba, and Matacos Chiriiguanos amount to 0.5% of the population.
LANGUAGE
Spanish is the official language of Argentina. In Buenos Aires forms of Lunfardo, a city-lang, are used. In some regions, Guarani, Quechua, Aymara and the mother tongues of indigenous minorities are spoken.
RELIGION
There is complete religious freedom in Argentina although the official is Catholic. There are also other religions such as Protestant, Jewish, Muslim, Greek Orthodox, Russian Orthodox, etc.
CURRENCY
The official currency is the Argentine peso is on a par with the U.S. dollar and fluctuates with it. There are notes of 1, 2, 5, 10, 20, 50, pesos and 100 pesos and coins of 1, 2 and 5, and 1, 5, 10, 25 and 50 centavos.
GOVERNMENT AND THE CONSTITUTION
The country is a federal representative Democratic Republic and with Buenos Aires as the Federal Capital and 23 provinces.
There are three branches: executive, legislative and judicial branches. The first is exercised by the President of the Nation elected for a term of four years. It has wide powers, including authority to approve or veto decisions by Congress. The National Congress has two chambers. The House Deputies consists of 254 members directly elected. The Senate has 72 members elected by the provinces, three per province and three in the federal capital. Provinces are autonomous and elect their own officials, the Governor has the ultimate authority.
The current constitution dates from 1853. However, he suffered changes several times, last time was in August 1994, which allowed the reelection of the President of the Nation for one additional term.
TWO HISTORIC DATES
25th of May 1810. The first independent government of Spain has been constituated.
9th of July 1816. Proclamation of Independence of the United Provinces of the Silver River. Birth of the Republic of Argentina.
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Article Source: ArticlesBase.com – Discover Argentina
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